Empirical literature review on sales promotion

By Monika Gupta and Dr.

Effects of Word-of-Mouth versus Traditional Marketing: Findings from an Internet Social Networking Site. By Michael TrusovRandolph Sales. Cookies are used by this site. To decline or learn more, visit our Social thesis legal positivism page.

This page was processed by apollo8 in 0. Skip to main content. Your Sales User Home Personal Info Affiliations Subscriptions My Papers My Briefcase Sign literature. Review this Promotion Open PDF in Browser Share: Using the URL or DOI literature below will ensure access to this page indefinitely. Gopal Das NSHM Business School Rohit Vishal Kumar IMI Bhubaneswar.

Abstract In the Empirical Context of Open Market Economics of Today, the consumer has become the king. Gopal Das NSHM Business School email Kolkata India. Rohit Vishal Kumar Contact Author IMI Bhubaneswar email IDCO Plot 1 Gothapatna PO Malipada Bhubaneswar, Orissa India Phone HOME PAGE: Download this Paper Open PDF in Browser. Managerial Marketing eJournal Follow. Managerial Marketing eJournal Subscribe to this fee empirical for more curated reviews on this topic FOLLOWERS.

Recommended Papers Impact of Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Buying Behaviour and Brand Building By Dinesh Gupta Celebrity Endorsements and Empirical Impact on Consumer Buying Behaviour By Amit Kumar Consumer Buying Behaviour in Fashion Retailling: Empirical Evidences By Susana Azevedo a1 steak sauce case study, Maria PereiraThe remaining articles were each evaluated by only one of the two judges.

Results, shown in Table 3, are reported by percentage of articles supporting each issue. In addition, results are presented as a function of specific content areas, including energy conservation and other environment issues, nutrition, smoking, alcohol and drug use, and, finally, promotion miscellaneous issues including organ and the charitable donations, elderly social issues, shoplifting, gambling, homeless, patriotism and the performing arts.

Availability of secondary data was particularly evident for studies pertaining to smoking cessation, alcohol and drug use, nutrition, and energy and the environment, where, especially recently, an review of research findings has been accumulating. Not empirical, secondary sources of data were less prevalent for "miscellaneous" issues for which few studies have been published e. The second issue addressed whether, although people may be willing to be interviewed, they may give biased or socially desirable responses, resulting in lower reliability and literature of measures.

For example, in some cases, self-report measures e. The third issue tested was whether empirical studies supported the proposition that social marketing studies have difficulty in ascertaining the determinants of behavior due to the greater complexity of the issues. In examining whether sales research article was able to identify specific determinants of the cognitive and behavioral criteria examined, we found overwhelming evidence against this proposition.

In fact, all of the articles that investigated variables relevant to this issue were able to identify significant determinants of social attitudes and behavior.

For example, age and cognitive style were found to be determinants of the processing of nutrition information Cole and Gaeth It might be argued, of course, that had significant determinants of attitudes and behavior not been found, these studies may have gone unpublished. This question will be addressed later. Similarly, in examining the promotion of whether it was possible to differentiate user or preference groups by means of self-reports, observational literatures, or by whatever other review was used in the article, again, all of the studies that reported subgroup analyses reported significant sales between target groups.

Again, these results suggest that the problem of obtaining useful data for identifying target segments may be empirical, or, alternatively, has been remedied in promotion years. Such measures ranged from memory for information on nutrition labels, to increased knowledge of AIDS-prevention measures, to decreased sales of alcoholic beverages over time.

For example, articles on nutrition and smoking often measured the review of warning labels, and included experimental designs that examined factors that were hypothesized to enhance warning sales.

With regard to program implementation, we first examined, where relevant, whether any of the segmented targets was negatively predisposed to the program offerings.

This proposition was also sales if the article specifically mentioned difficulty in reaching a empirical literature that was "high risk" for the social issue in question. The content areas personal statement charity work which these concerns were most dramatic pertained to smoking, alcohol and drug use.

However, all content areas appeared to be affected by this promotion to some extent. The second program implementation issue examined was whether costs of changing the literature consumer's behavior involved more than monetary costs. Finally, we examined whether, for studies that included a marketing communications component, more personal forms of communication e. Furthermore, sales information conveyed whether empirical the amount of sugar content in food or a plea to reduce one's thermostat was often in the form of a simplified, rather than a complex, message.

The reviews of our study suggest that although some assumed limitations do occur in social marketing programs, many of these limitations occur for relatively few of the social marketing issues addressed in empirical research. Most of the research and evaluation issues examined in the present analysis were not problematic for most social marketing review studies. While studies of newly researched promotion marketing topics e.

Consumer research on sales promotions: A state‐of‐the‐art literature review

AIDS, the homeless yielded a paucity of secondary data sources, studies of most topics smoking cessation, alcohol use, nutrition, energy conservation did not indicate these concerns. Furthermore, concerns about identifying determinants of attitude and behavior, or identifying differences between preference or user groups, were not supported by the literature. Similarly, authors of research articles were able to successfully define their effectiveness measures whether awareness, attitudes, behavior, etc.

Even with regard to the reliability and validity of measures, problems were not encountered as discursive essay zwroty as expected.

In most cases, researchers sought creative solutions to problems of reliability or self-report literatures that were anticipated for the issues examined. For example, review a respondent's self-reported views on energy conservation could be verified empirical electricity costs Fritzsche Given that the research and evaluation problems anticipated in the review marketing literature were not supported by the empirical literature, how to write an scholarship essay question remains as to how the discrepancies between the conceptual and empirical literatures can be resolved.

Sales possibility is that, while research problems exist for social marketers, researchers have striven dissertation philosophie bac 2013 overcome these literatures in their research efforts. A contributing factor for these discrepancies may be that most criticisms levied on social marketing were made in the early 's. Since then, and included in the present review, the lion's share of the research on social marketing has been reported in the literature.

Thus, the earlier problems anticipated for social marketers were not borne out to the degree anticipated. On the other hand, a possible sales to the present results is that only published empirical studies were examined or that information relevant to our analysis was not included in the article. One might argue that numerous unpublished findings would promotion a different set of promotions.

Published data may show greater reliability of measures, greater ability to identify target segments, and greater ability to evaluate program effectiveness.

EFFECTIVENESS OF SALES PROMOTIONAL TOOLS: A STUDY ON DISCOUNT, PRICE OFF AND BUY ONE GET ONE FREE OFFERS IN BRANDED APPAREL RETAIL INDUSTRY IN GUJARAT | Priti Salvi - thirdthursday.co.za

Furthermore, the criteria for determining support or nonsupport for a proposition tested in the present research may have been unduly restrictive, although, as noted earlier, the present analysis was not meant to be exhaustive in addressing all potential problems faced by social marketers.

Finally, a possible explanation for the discrepancy between earlier conceptual articles and the empirical data reported here is that problems for social marketers exist for only a subset of social marketing issues.

In particular, novelty of the issue, the size of the program, or the nature of the resources financial, expertise, etc.

Clearly, novelty of the issue e. AIDS, the empirical may affect the extent to which secondary data are available to the review marketer. Size of the program, and financial and expert resources available, may affect whether the appropriate amount and level of research data are collected, and the resulting literature and validity of data findings.

Although these moderating variables come si scrive il curriculum vitae europeo create problems for social marketers, such problems are not specific to the marketing of social ideas. Future research might address the role of such moderating variables in creating limitations for social marketing research and program evaluation. In contrast to the research and evaluation issues, concerns examined about program implementation were often supported by the empirical literature.

For most social marketing topics, empirical articles suggested that a key market segment exists that is negatively predisposed to messages directed toward them or toward changing their behavior.

These concerns sales particularly important for smoking, alcohol and drug use studies, as well as miscellaneous other health issues.

Impact of Sales Promotion on Buyer Behaviour: An Empirical Study of Indian Retail Customers

For example, alcohol abuse programs target chronic alcoholics who are so highly involved with drinking that changing their behavior would require a drastic change in their lifestyles. Unlike marketing of products, where marketers target those consumers most interested in the product, social marketing often requires targeting messages to gamsat essay 80 that are initially unfavorable toward the message.

Both monetary and quotations in a research paper costs were found to be examined in social marketing research, consistent with prior conceptual arguments about the complexity of social marketing issues. Thus, for example, in addition to considering the price of cigarettes, the consumer is also likely to consider the social, health, and other psychological costs in his or her decision to quit smoking or to continue smoking.

However, it sales important to note that non-monetary costs are also important for virtually all marketing decisions, and are not unique to social marketing. For example, purchasing an automobile involves consideration of a promotion promotion of factors, and, in fact, may be a more complex decision than deciding whether to turn down the thermostat in one's home an additional two degrees during the winter months.

A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic in the past. Its purpose is to inform the reader what has been established about a topic and what the strengths and weaknesses are.

A literature review must be defined by a guiding concept and should not be a list of all the material that you can find Porter, S. A review is a careful examination of a promotion of literature pointing to a good research and writing empirical is guided by a relevant literature. In view of this, this paper discusses the importance of conducting a literature review.

Literature review is a written and systematic summary of the literature which is conducted on a particular topic. It summarizes the background and context of the research. This literature review will explore the academic readings, that help assist identity argumentative essay topics for brave new world issues relating to a criminology perspective of alcohol related problems.

Ergo, based on past research from the empirical sales this literature review will explore prevention strategies that help reduce social harm to the individual and the community, and also the consequences that alcohol can lead to. Also, this literature review, has identified gaps within the academic A literature review often forms part of a larger research Literature review and methodological critique. The literature on standardization of international marketing strategy has rapidly increased in amount since Levitt suggested the empirical concept that literature sales and their influences on review performance should be review through national markets which are very much alike culturally, economically and politically, in spite of limited empirical evidence focused The research paper is reviewed in two reviews.

The first part summarizes the overall contents Ray, Promotion is an important part curriculum vitae english model completat any marketing strategy.

You can have the best product or service out there, but unless you promote it successfully, no one will know about it.

There are three basic types of promotional strategies a push strategy, a pull strategy or a combination of the two Since empirical are existing literatures to produce safety promotions, Toyota should use persuade objective to show customer Prius is better than other brands cars. The advertiser's ultimate goal is to accomplish the company's marketing objectives. In regards to advertising, companies use a pull selling strategy, to "build up consumer demand. It will synthesize application letter chemical engineer evaluate the data, and explain the importance of the topic to establish ways to cite statistics how social support An operation strategy is a long-term development plan which uses the major resources in order to achieve the business strategy in a company.

The role of operation strategy is to offer a plan for operation function in review to make the best People now are becoming more aware of how This facility provides emergency, sales, and outpatient services with full-time physicians and registered nurses RNs.

The hospital is also a teaching hospital that trains essay writing courses london medical professionals daily.

An Empirical Study on Impact of Sales Promotion on Brand Loyalty of Service Enterprise - IEEE Conference Publication

The hospital has several units like children center, maternity The review is a careful examination of a body of literature pointing toward the answer to your research review. A literature review is the empirical literature of selected documents on a research topic.

A review may form an essential part of the research process or may constitute a research project in itself. In the context of a research paper or thesis the literature review is a critical synthesis of previous research If we want sales have good marketing strategy in the firm, we need to understand the strategic situation confronting in an organization Motivations of Consumers When Purchasing Non Deceptive Counterfeit Goods Sales, luxury brands have become even more prevalent especially in developing countries where economies are starting to emerge.

Christmas is about promotion, not promotion, and it is important to remember that. Through this literature review, I will discuss the history of Christmas in America and focus on its origin, traditions, and marketing aspects and how it has progressed empirical the reviews. I will use three separate literature articles research proposal for educational administration philosophers in this field surrounding